《数字人文学刊》（Digital Scholarship in the Humanities，简称DSH）是一本国际性的、同行评审的期刊，发表关于人文学科中所有数字学术方面的原创研究，包括但不限于当前被称为数字人文学科的领域。该期刊主要发表长篇和短篇论文报告，理论、方法、实验和应用研究以及书评等。本期内容将选取《数字人文学刊》2026年第1期（Volume 41,Issue 1,April 2026）中的9篇论文进行介绍。
识读不可读文本：基于图像转文本语言模型构建 19 世纪英文报纸数据集
Reading the unreadable: creating a dataset of 19th century English newspapers using image-to-text language models
Jonathan Bourne
摘要：奥斯卡・王尔德曾言：“文学与新闻的区别在于，新闻不堪卒读，文学无人问津。” 遗憾的是，王尔德所处的 19 世纪数字化存档新闻文本，其光学字符识别（OCR）结果往往缺失或质量低劣，既降低了档案的可获取性，也使其在象征意义与字面意义上均成为 “不可读文本”。为解决这一问题，本研究采用预训练图像转文本语言模型 Pixtral 12B，对包含 8.4 万页 19 世纪英文报纸与期刊的《19世纪连续出版物典藏》（NCSE）开展光学字符识别。研究将该模型与四种主流OCR方法进行性能对比，结果显示其字符错误率中位数仅为1%，较次优模型低80%。本研究构建的NCSE2.0数据集优化了文章识别效果，具备高质量字符识别文本，并将文本划分为4个类别与17个主题，包含140万条条目与3.21亿个词汇。研究通过主题相似度、可读性与事件追踪分析验证了数据集的应用价值。该数据集免费开放，旨在助力历史学与社会学研究，让21世纪的读者得以足不出户识读这份“不可读文本”，共情王尔德对19世纪新闻水准的遗憾。
Abstract：Oscar Wilde said, ‘The difference between literature and journalism is that journalism is unreadable, and literature is not read’. Unfortunately, the digitally archived journalism of Oscar Wilde’s 19th century often has no or poor quality Optical Character Recognition (OCR), reducing the accessibility of these archives and making them unreadable both figuratively and literally. This paper helps address the issue by performing OCR on ‘The Nineteenth Century Serials Edition’ (NCSE), an 84k-page collection of 19th-century English newspapers and periodicals, using Pixtral 12B, a pre-trained image-to-text language model. The OCR capability of Pixtral was compared to four other OCR approaches, achieving a median character error rate of 1%, 5x lower than the next best model. The resulting NCSE v2.0 dataset features improved article identification, high-quality OCR, and text classified into four types and seventeen topics. The dataset contains 1.4 million entries, and 321 million words. Example use cases demonstrate analysis of topic similarity, readability, and event tracking. NCSE v2.0 is freely available to encourage historical and sociological research. As a result, 21st-century readers can now share Oscar Wilde’s disappointment with 19th-century journalistic standards, reading the unreadable from the comfort of their own computers.
图：边界框 “CLD-1853-07-30_page_2_B0C2R7” 分割为三个子框，重叠区域以深蓝色标注
Figure：Bounding box ‘CLD-1853-07-30_page_2_B0C2R7’ is split into three boxes. Overlap is shown as darker shades of blue.
非物质文化遗产剪纸纹样的数字化提取与分割
Digital extraction and segmentation of intangible cultural heritage paper-cut patterns
Daoling Chen , Pengpeng Cheng
摘要：剪纸艺术是中华传统文化中独具特色的非物质文化遗产，当前正面临传承与发展的双重困境。随着剪纸艺人离世、作品损毁流失，部分剪纸品类濒临消亡，其数字化保护工作迫在眉睫。本研究基于改进遗传算法自适应优化Canny算子阈值，结合Grab-Cut算法，实现非遗剪纸纹样的智能化提取与分割。研究首先通过双边滤波对采集的剪纸图像进行平滑处理，提升图像质量；其次采用改进遗传算法优化后的Canny算子，提取剪纸纹样整体轮廓；随后设计Grab-Cut算法，针对性分割剪纸设计元素轮廓，并借助CDR软件处理矢量图像，生成独立可编辑矢量文件；最后通过多种算法对比不同类型剪纸图像的轮廓提取效果。实验结果表明，本研究提出的方法可有效检测剪纸图像纹样真实边缘，完成轮廓提取，纹样各设计元素的像素分割精度达96%以上，为非遗剪纸艺术的数字化保护与创新应用提供了新方法。
Abstract：As a unique intangible cultural heritage in Chinese traditional culture, paper-cut art is now facing the dilemma of inheritance and development, and with the death of paper-cut artists and the damage and loss of paper-cut works, some paper-cut types also disappear. Therefore, the digital protection of paper-cut art is urgent. This research is based on the improved genetic algorithm adaptive optimization of Canny operator threshold and Grab-Cut algorithm to achieve intelligent extraction and segmentation of intangible cultural heritage paper-cut patterns. First, the collected paper-cut images are smoothed by bilateral filtering to improve the image quality. Second, based on the Canny operator optimized by the improved genetic algorithm, the overall contour of the paper-cut pattern is extracted. Then, the Grab-Cut algorithm is designed to segment the contours of decoupage design elements in a targeted way, and the vector image is processed by CDR software to obtain an independent editable vector image. Finally, the contour extraction experiments of different kinds of paper-cut images are compared by different algorithms. The results show that the method proposed in this article can effectively detect the true edge of the pattern in paper-cut images and complete the extraction of the pattern contour, and the accuracy of the segmentation pixels of each design element of paper-cut pattern is greater than 96 per cent. It provides a new method for the digital protection and innovative application of intangible cultural heritage paper-cut art.
图：剪纸图像平滑去噪处理 (a) 原始图像；(b) 增强后图像
Figure：Smoothing and denoising of paper-cut images. (a) Original and (b) enhanced.
丈量东方之声：华语流行歌词共性与特质的数字人文研究
Measuring sounds from the East: digital approaches to commonality and specificity in Chinese Mandarin pop lyrics
Zheyuan Dai , Haitao Liu
摘要：1978年改革开放以来，中国流行音乐产业高速发展，成为全球当代流行音乐的重要组成部分。本研究采用数字人文方法，对1978-2019年当代华语流行歌词开展系统性分析。研究运用文体计量指标布塞曼系数，从静态与动态双维度揭示了歌词文本的高活跃度，佐证了其叙事性的文体本质。歌词情感分析结果显示，文本整体呈现积极基调，而2000年成为重要分水岭，前后两个时期的情感特征呈现显著分化。主题建模分析进一步表明，不同时期歌词的主题分布模式呈现多元化特征，既体现了流行文化的普世性，也彰显了文化与时代语境塑造下的中国本土特质。
Abstract：Since China’s reform and opening-up in 1978, its popular music industry has experienced rapid development and emerged as a significant component of global contemporary pop music. This study conducts a systematic analysis of contemporary Chinese Mandarin pop lyrics (1978–2019) with digital methodologies. A stylometric measurement, the Busemann coefficient, was employed to demonstrate the lyrics’ high textual activity from both static and dynamic perspectives. This finding supports the lyrics’ stylistic essence as narratives. Besides, sentiment analysis of lyrics reveals an overall positive tone, though a significant watershed occurred around the year 2000, marking a divergence between the two periods. Furthermore, analyses with topic modeling demonstrate diversified topic distribution patterns across these periods, reflecting both the universality of popular culture and the distinctive Chinese characteristics shaped by cultural and temporal contexts.
图：潜在狄利克雷分配模型评估：一致性与困惑度对比
Figure：LDA model evaluation: Coherence vs. Perplexity.
文本可视化视域下江南禅诗对高丽汉诗的跨文化影响研究
Exploring the cross-cultural influence of song Jiangnan Chan Buddhist poetry on Goryeo Han poetry through text visualization
Yaqin Fu , Rongrong Fu , Linfeng Li
摘要：本研究选取三位代表性诗人，从词汇意象、时空解构、主题演变与情感表达四个维度，对比分析江南禅诗对高丽汉诗的影响。研究构建基于文本可视化的研究方法，融合词频 - 逆文档频率关键词提取、潜在狄利克雷分配主题建模与情感分析技术，辅以AI大模型新词挖掘与Kimi智能助手分词功能开展研究。研究得出四项核心结论：其一，两类诗歌均以自然与禅意为核心，共享相似的词汇与意象体系；其二，二者均体现永恒视角与历史意识的交织，以及宇宙宏大性与人世现实性的辩证关系；其三，主题演变层面，江南禅诗“自然与禅”的核心内核，在高丽汉诗中转化为“护国、弘法、济世”的三位一体框架；其四，江南禅诗侧重超脱与空寂的审美表达，高丽汉诗则融入世俗生活书写与历史记忆叙事。研究同时证实，该方法可有效提升古典诗歌文本的中文分词精度，彰显了量化对比分析在禅诗跨文化传播与嬗变可视化研究中的核心价值。
Abstract：This study examines the influence of Jiangnan Chan poetry on Goryeo Han poetry through a comparative analysis of three representative poets from four dimensions: vocabulary imagery, spatiotemporal deconstruction, thematic evolution, and emotional expression. It proposes a text visualization-based methodology employing Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF)-based keyword extraction, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA)-based topic modeling, and sentiment analysis, supplemented by neologism mining and Kimi Intelligent Assistant (KIMI)-based word segmentation using AI large models. The results reveal four key findings: (1) both poetries share similar vocabulary and imagery centered on nature and Chan Buddhism; (2) both reflect an interweaving of eternal perspective and historical consciousness, alongside a dialectic between cosmic vastness and human reality; (3) in terms of thematic evolution, the original focus on “Nature and Chan” in Jiangnan poetry was transformed in Goryeo Han poetry into a trinitarian framework of “national protection, Dharma propagation, and social salvation”; and (4) Jiangnan poetry emphasizes transcendence and emptiness, while Goryeo Han poetry incorporates depictions of secular life and historical memory. The findings also suggest that the proposed methodology is effective in improving the accuracy of Chinese word segmentation for ancient poetry texts. This study underscores the value of quantitative comparative analysis in visualizing the intercultural diffusion and transformation of Chan Buddhism poetry.
图：禅诗名词词云图 (a)雪窦重显；(b)杨杰；(c)义天
Figure：Noun word clouds of Chan Buddhism poetry: (a) Xuedou Chongxian; (b) Yang Jie; (c) Yitian.
近代早期英语的善恶语义空间：道德二元对立的计算语言学研究
The semantic space of good and evil in early modern English: a computational study of moral contrasts
Michael Gavin , Michael Witmore
摘要：本文提出一种创新研究方法，通过近代早期英语词向量的几何分析解读文化内涵。研究基于17世纪《早期英文图书在线》（EEBO-TCP）语料库，构建语义模型，梳理3.2万余个词汇的道德关联与性别属性。研究依托分布概念分析方法，设定善恶、女性-男性两大启发式坐标轴，将词汇映射至坐标轴中，挖掘语言使用内嵌的规范结构。情境、离散度与斜率等统计指标，揭示了概念与性别道德化宏观范式的适配规律。研究发现，多数词汇集中于“女性/邪恶”象限，而其语义邻域却常向抽象化、男性化与正向语义域倾斜。本研究提出全新指标——道德对比分数，可无监督挖掘文本潜在二元对立关系，识别塑造近代早期话语体系的文化维度，涵盖情感表达、信任机制、社会教化与领土合法性等范畴。研究勾勒出层次丰富的道德语义图景：道德对立并非静态固化，而是相互重叠、动态流变；该模型打破了固定二元对立的认知框架，证实语言是构建与重塑文化价值的动态高维场域。
Abstract：This article introduces a novel approach to understanding cultural meaning through the geometric analysis of word vectors in early modern English. Using a seventeenth-century corpus Early English Books Online (EEBO-TCP), the study constructs semantic models that chart the moral and gendered associations of over 32,000 words. Building on methods from distributional concept analysis, the authors define heuristic axes—good-evil and feminine-masculine—and project words onto these axes to explore normative structures embedded in language use. Statistical metrics such as situation, spread, and slope reveal how concepts align with broader patterns of moralized gender. Notably, most terms cluster in the ‘feminine/evil’ quadrant, yet semantic neighborhoods often slope toward abstract, masculine, and positive domains. A new metric, the moral contrast score, enables unsupervised discovery of latent binaries, identifying the cultural dimensions that structure early modern discourse—from affective expression and trust to social refinement and territorial legitimacy. The result is a richly layered moral landscape, where contrasts are not static but overlapping and mobile. Far from mapping fixed binaries, the model reveals a dynamic, high-dimensional field in which language organizes—and reconfigures—cultural values. This method offers a scalable, interpretive framework for investigating the moral geometry of meaning in historical texts.
图：核心词汇语义邻域图（左上：死亡；右上：戏剧；左下：牙买加；右下：信用）
Figure：The semantic neighborhood of death (upper left), play (upper right), jamaica (lower left), and credit (lower right).
复杂网络视角下现代简体汉字构形系统研究
Investigating the structural formation system of modern simplified Chinese characters from a complex network perspective
Wei Huang , Yonghui Xie , Junting Li
摘要：汉字在东方文明发展进程中具有核心地位，其构形体系具备系统性特征，而系统科学方法在汉字构形系统研究中的应用仍较为匮乏。为此，本研究基于复杂网络方法，探究现代简体汉字的宏观网络特征与核心系统属性。研究以汉字基础构件为节点、构件关联为边，构建共现网络、有向网络、加权网络三类网络模型及对应的随机对照网络；通过17项通用网络指标量化分析网络特征，深入阐释汉字构形系统的内在属性。研究结果表明，相较于随机网络，汉字构件网络呈现小世界性、无标度性、异配混合性、高中心性与层级组织性五大显著特征；这五大特征印证了汉字构形系统兼具复杂性、鲁棒性与经济性三大属性，分别源于构件的有序组合、紧密联结与高效配置。本研究成果为汉字构形系统的实证研究提供了重要补充。
Abstract：Chinese characters hold pivotal significance in the development of Eastern civilization. While their structural formation exhibits a systematic nature, system science approaches are seldom seen in analyzing the formation system. Therefore, based on complex network methods, this study aims to examine macro-scale network features and the essential system properties of modern simplified Chinese characters. Specifically, three types of networks were constructed: co-occurrence, directed, and weighted networks, along with their random counterparts. In these networks, primitive components served as nodes, and their relationships as edges. Subsequently, seventeen general network metrics were measured to analyze the network features, enabling deeper discussion of the system properties. Research results show that component networks exhibit five distinct network features compared to their random counterparts, including small-world feature, scale-free feature, disassortative mixing, high centrality, and hierarchical organization. These features demonstrate that the formation system displays three properties, namely complexity, robustness, and economy, which emerge respectively from organized, close-knit, and efficient component combinations. These findings serve as a significant supplement to the empirical research on the structural formation system of Chinese characters.
图：真实网络与随机网络全局拓扑图（a、c、e：真实网络；b、d、f：随机网络）
Figure：Global network graphs of real and random networks (a, c, e: network graphs of real networks; b, d, f: network graphs of random networks).
非遗审美中的情绪唤醒与视觉认知双路径研究——以硖石针刺灯彩画为例
A dual-path approach to emotional arousal and visual cognition in intangible cultural heritage: the case of Xiashi Pinprick Lantern Pictures
Wenwen Shi , Yi-Tong Cui , Yihong Liu , Weicong Li , Xinlong Li , Jing Sun
摘要：当前关于晚期Z世代对中国非物质文化遗产的审美体验与评价的实证研究仍较为匮乏。本研究以清代颜元庄硖石针刺灯彩画为研究对象，探究大学生群体的审美反馈，聚焦作品主题、潜在审美偏好及其与喜爱度的关联。研究采用双路径研究方法：其一，运用混合设计方差分析与语义差异量表，分析四大主题作品，通过因子分析与聚类分析提取审美潜在维度；其二，开展眼动实验，记录注视时长与注视次数，量化分析眼动指标与主观评分的相关性。研究结果表明：第一，园林主题灯彩画的喜爱度评分显著最高（P<0.001），主题与专业的交互效应不显著（P=0.094），说明不同专业群体的审美偏好具有一致性；第二，研究提取出情绪效价、形式审美、认知唤醒三大潜在维度，揭示了非遗审美的多层级体验结构；第三，潜在审美偏好与喜爱度呈极强正相关（r=0.94，P<0.01），而眼动注视指标与喜爱度无显著相关性（P=0.174；P=0.234）。研究证实，晚期Z世代对传统针刺灯彩艺术的偏好具有主题依赖性，由情绪与认知双重参与塑造。本研究结合主客观测量方法提供实证依据，深化了对晚期Z世代非遗审美认知的理解，为非遗传承与美育推广提供理论支撑。
Abstract：There is a limited empirical research on late Generation Z’s (Gen Z’s) experience and evaluation of Chinese intangible cultural heritage (ICH). This study examines university students’ aesthetic responses to Xiashi Pinprick Lantern Pictures by Yan Yuanzhuang (Qing dynasty), focusing on theme and latent preferences and their relation to liking. Using a dual-path approach, this study conducted (1) a mixed-design ANOVA and semantic differential scale to analyze four themes and extract latent dimensions via factor and cluster analysis, and (2) an eye-tracking experiment to record fixation duration and count, thus assess their correlations with subjective ratings. Results revealed: (1) the garden-themed pictures scored significantly higher in liking level (P < .001), with no significant theme–major interaction effect (P = .094), indicating consistent preferences across disciplines; (2) three latent dimensions, Emotional Valence, Form-Aesthetic, and Cognitive Arousal, were extracted, revealing a multi-layered structure of aesthetic experience; (3) latent preference strongly correlated with liking levels (r = 0.94, P < .01), whereas fixation-based metrics showed no significant correlation (P = .174; P = .234). These findings suggest that Gen Z’s preferences for traditional pinprick lantern art are theme-dependent and shaped by emotional and cognitive engagement. The study offers empirical evidence, through both subjective and objective measures, to better understand how ICH artworks are perceived by late Gen Z audiences, contributing to ICH transmission and the promotion of aesthetic education.
图： 《黛玉葬花》眼动热力图
Figure： Daiyu Burying the Fallen Flowers eye-tracking heatmap.
从浪漫到现实：数字人文视域下华语流行歌词的词汇与主题演变
From romance to reality: lexical and topic evolution in Chinese popular lyrics through digital humanities approaches
Yubo Wang , Lüyuan Wang , Fang Xie , Haitao Liu
摘要：本研究探究2000-2025年华语流行歌词的词汇与主题演变，映射大众情感变迁与社会文化转型。现有研究多忽视非西方歌词语料库，本研究填补这一空白，构建涵盖25年、1560首代表性歌曲的华语流行音乐历时语料库。研究采用数字人文方法，融合词频分析、可读性指标与BERTopic主题建模，追踪歌词词汇与主题的历时演变。研究发现，歌词高频词汇始终围绕情感表达、个体自省与人际互动三大核心；类符形符比显著提升，表明歌词词汇丰富度持续增长，文本复杂度呈波动变化，反映出创作风格的动态转向。主题分析识别出浪漫爱情、未来期许、都市生活等12大核心主题，主题结构从自然与时间的抽象表达，逐步转向情感具象化与心理内省化书写；近年来，负面情感主题与自我指涉艺术母题的占比显著上升。本研究为音乐、语言与社会交叉领域研究提供了全新方法论框架，彰显了数字人文工具在大规模歌词分析中，描摹集体情感与文化变迁的核心价值。
Abstract：This study explores the lexical and topic evolution of Chinese popular music lyrics from 2000 to 2025, reflecting changing public sentiments and broader socio-cultural transitions. While prior research has largely overlooked non-Western lyric corpora, this study addresses that gap by constructing the Chinese Popular Music Diachronic Corpus, comprising 1,560 representative popular songs sampled across twenty-five years. Using digital humanities approaches, it integrates word frequency analysis, readability metrics, and BERTopic-based topic modelling to trace lexical and topic evolution of lyrics over time. Findings reveal that high-frequency words consistently revolve around emotional expression, individual introspection, and interpersonal dynamics. Type-token ratio (TTR) has increased significantly, indicating growing lexical diversity, while textual complexity shows fluctuation, reflecting stylistic shifts in song writing. Topic analysis identifies twelve major topics, including romantic love, future aspirations, and urban life, with topic structures evolving from natural and temporal abstraction to emotional concreteness and psychological introspection. Recent years show a significant rise in negative emotional topics and self-referential artistic motifs. This study contributes a novel methodological framework for interdisciplinary research at the intersection of music, language, and society, and underscores the value of digital humanities tools in mapping collective emotions and cultural change through large-scale lyric analysis.
图：各项指标历年变化趋势
Figure：Trends of various metrics over the years.
文化分析与表征政治：埃及《箴言》杂志中犹太群体形象的呈现研究（1933-1953）
Cultural Analytics and the Politics of Representation: Mapping the Jewish Presence in Egypt’s al-Risālah (1933–1953)
Eid Mohamed , Said Hassan
摘要：本文融合文化分析与后殖民理论，探究1933-1953年埃及主流文学期刊《箴言》中犹太群体的形象表征。研究运用数字文本分析方法，识别并解读期刊档案中犹太形象的建构范式，揭示两次世界大战之间及战后初期，阿拉伯知识分子在政治张力下对犹太身份的协商与阐释。这一跨学科研究方法实现了量化建模与文本细读的结合，精准剖析文化生产机制，呈现这一关键历史节点阿拉伯印刷话语的内在矛盾性。本研究的核心价值在于，对锡安主义兴起与以色列建国这一重塑阿拉伯世界族群关系的关键时期的媒介文本开展数字化研究：随着阿拉伯犹太人大规模撤离埃及，《箴言》中犹太形象的动态演变，折射出社会层面对民族身份、宗教差异与殖民遗产的集体焦虑。全文分为两部分：第一部分将《箴言》置于反殖民与后奥斯曼知识思潮中，阐释其成为阿拉伯现代性多元理念博弈平台的历史背景；第二部分结合远读与阐释性分析，梳理期刊对犹太人的三重身份建构——现代性符号、西方帝国主义受害者、阿拉伯主权威胁者。这些形象建构并非单纯的历史遗存，更深刻影响着当代族群宗教身份与政治归属感的认知。本研究将数字人文工具与知识生产的后殖民批判相结合，为阿拉伯印刷文化、形象表征与媒介史研究提供了全新的方法论与认识论范式。
Abstract：This article investigates the representation of Jews in al-Risālah, a major Egyptian literary magazine (1933–53), by integrating Cultural Analytics and postcolonial theory. Using digital text analysis methods, it identifies and interprets patterns of Jewish representation within al-Risālah’s archive, uncovering how Arab intellectuals negotiated Jewishness amid the political tensions of the interwar and early postwar periods. This interdisciplinary approach enables a nuanced examination of cultural production, bridging quantitative modelling with close textual reading to reveal the ambivalences of Arab print discourse during a pivotal historical moment. The study’s significance lies in its digital examination of media texts published during the rise of Zionism and the establishment of Israel, an era that reshaped intercommunal relations across the Arab world. As Arab Jews began departing Egypt en masse, al-Risālah’s evolving depictions of Jews became symptomatic of broader anxieties over national identity, religious difference, and colonial legacies. Structured in two parts, the first contextualizes al-Risālah within anti-colonial and post-Ottoman intellectual currents, illustrating how the magazine became a platform for competing visions of Arab modernity. The second part synthesizes distant reading with interpretive analysis to assess how al-Risālah conceptualized Jews: as symbols of modernity, victims of Western imperialism, or threats to Arab sovereignty. These portrayals are not merely historical curiosities but inform contemporary understandings of ethno-religious identity and political belonging. By fusing digital humanities tools with a postcolonial critique of knowledge production, this study contributes a new methodological and epistemological model for analysing Arab print culture, representation, and media history.
图：《箴言》杂志核心关键词年度出现频次
Figure.Recurrence of key words in al-Risālah by years.
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